Takimoto Kinzo, keeper of the spring
Noboribetsu's springs were known in the Edo period; the explorer Matsuura Takeshiro stopped here in 1845. In 1858 the merchant Okada Hanbei built a bathing hut and Takimoto Kinzo moved in as its keeper. Kinzo opened the inn 'Yumoto no Takimoto' in 1888 (today's Dai-ichi Takimotokan) and added indoor baths in 1890. In 1905 Noboribetsu and nearby Karurusu were designated recuperation sites for soldiers wounded in the Russo-Japanese War, and the name spread nationwide.[1]
Railways and trams
In 1913 the Muroran businessman Kuribayashi Gosaku bought up the whole resort and in 1915 founded a horse-drawn railway between Noboribetsu Station and the baths. Steam locomotives followed in 1918 and electric trams in 1925, running until 1933. The area became part of Shikotsu-Toya National Park in 1949; today there are 14 places to stay.[1]
A source named Hell
Jigokudani is an explosion crater formed by the eruption of Mt Hiyoriyama (377 m); together with Oyunuma Pond it supplies the town. Oyunuma is 1 km around and 22 m deep, 40–50°C at the surface and 130°C at the bottom. The river draining it becomes a natural footbath in the woods. A small geyser called Taisho Jigoku lies nearby; in November 2016 it became so active that the trail was closed for a time.[1]